Three letters, one open hand: to give. The verb sits at the heart of daily Hebrew (it even doubles as "to let, to allow", to give permission). From the act of giving come the things given: a gift (מַתָּנָה), and, abstractly, the givens of a problem, נְתוּנִים, the data. When something is given, it becomes נָתוּן: a fact you are handed and must work with. The root is irregular, both נ letters drop in the infinitive לָתֵת, but the meaning stays wide open. Every word here is verified against pealim, niqqud included.
The same root runs through the verb system. Each binyan is a voice: it bends the one idea into active, passive, causative or reciprocal. Tap to hear.
The pa'al לָתֵת is famously irregular: both נ consonants vanish from the infinitive, leaving only תֵת. Its passive partner is the nif'al לְהִנָּתֵן (to be given), which also drifts into "to be possible", what can be given can be done. The pi'el, hif'il and hitpa'el are not lexicalized for this root.
Same root letters, different noun moulds (mishkalim). The mould tells you the function: who does it, the act of doing it, or the thing produced.
Strip the prefixes, suffixes and vowels. Three consonants remain, and the meaning lives there.