One number anchors this whole family: ten. From the count itself come the group of ten and the decade (ten years). The same root then bends toward abundance: to have ten-fold is to be rich, so wealth, the rich person, and getting rich all grow here. The bridge is religious: the tithe, giving a tenth, is literally "to ten" your income. Each word here is verified against pealim, niqqud included.
The same root runs through the verb system. Each binyan is a voice: it bends the one idea into active, passive, causative or reciprocal. Tap to hear.
Watch the voice logic on the wealth sense: hif'il is causative (make someone rich) and hitpa'el is reflexive (make oneself rich, get rich). The pi'el is reserved for the religious act, to tithe. The pa'al, pu'al and huf'al are not lexicalized for this root.
Same root letters, different noun moulds (mishkalim). The mould tells you the function: who does it, the act of doing it, or the thing produced.
Strip the prefixes, suffixes and vowels. Three consonants remain, and the meaning lives there.