One idea: more. Things increase, multiply, become numerous. This is a ל"ה root, its third letter is a weak ה that drops or shifts as the word changes shape, which is why the verbs end in ־וֹת rather than a hard third consonant. From the simple 'be many' grow the everyday harbe (a lot), the biological multiply, and, beautifully, tarbut (culture), what a people accumulates and grows over time. The honorific rav (rabbi, a 'great' one) belongs to the same family of greatness. Every word is verified against pealim, niqqud included.
The same root runs through the verb system. Each binyan is a voice: it bends the one idea into active, passive, causative or reciprocal. Tap to hear.
Three binyanim, three angles on 'more': the pa'al is the state (being many), the hif'il is causative (you make more of something), the hitpa'el is reflexive (a population multiplies itself). Because this is a ל"ה root, all three end in ־וֹת. The nif'al, pi'el and passive moulds are not lexicalized here.
Same root letters, different noun moulds (mishkalim). The mould tells you the function: who does it, the act of doing it, or the thing produced.
Strip the prefixes, suffixes and vowels. Three consonants remain, and the meaning lives there.