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Root ח־פ־שׂ: searching, freedom & vacation

Roots Atlas 190 · שֹׁרֶשׁ ח פ ש · the search-and-freedom root
ח פ ש
ch · f · s
everything to do with searching, freedom, vacation, disguise
7 words · 1 root · 2 verb-voices

Here one root holds two ideas that secretly rhyme: to search and to be free. You search for something; freedom is the search set loose. The same letters give the verb "to search", the noun "freedom", the holidays when you are off, and the adjective "free". The hitpa'el even adds dressing-up: to disguise yourself is to search out another identity, hence the Purim costume. One root runs from the lab search to the carnival mask. Every word here is verified against pealim, niqqud included.

The verb across the binyanim (voices)

The same root runs through the verb system. Each binyan is a voice: it bends the one idea into active, passive, causative or reciprocal. Tap to hear.

Pi'el
לְחַפֵּשׂlechapes
intensive / specialized active
to search, to look for
Hitpa'el
לְהִתְחַפֵּשׂlehitchapes
reflexive / reciprocal, to / on oneself
to disguise oneself (as someone)

This root lives in the intensive binyanim, not the plain pa'al: searching is a pi'el (an active, deliberate hunt), and disguising oneself is its hitpa'el reflexive (searching out a new self). The other binyanim are not lexicalized here.

Words born from the root

Same root letters, different noun moulds (mishkalim). The mould tells you the function: who does it, the act of doing it, or the thing produced.

① The act: the search

חִפּוּשׂ
chipus
a search, a hunt
קִיטּוּל

② Freedom: being free & being off

חֹפֶשׁ
chofesh
freedom, liberty; school holidays (coll.)
קֹטֶל
חֻפְשָׁה
chufsha
holiday, vacation, leave
קֻטְלָה
חָפְשִׁי
chofshi
free, unrestricted
קָטְלִי

③ The disguise: searching out another self

תַּחְפֹּשֶׂת
tachposet
costume, fancy dress (Purim)
תַּקְטֹלֶת

Decode it yourself

Strip the prefixes, suffixes and vowels. Three consonants remain, and the meaning lives there.