← Back to lessons

Root ח־נ־ן: grace

Roots Atlas 231 · שֹׁרֶשׁ ח נ ן · the grace root
ח נ ן
ch · n · n
everything to do with grace, charm and giving freely
6 words · 1 root · 2 verb-voices

A geminate root (the doubled נ) around one warm idea: grace, in both senses, charm that draws people, and a gift given for nothing. To grant a pardon is to give grace; to be gifted with a talent is to be graced from above. From the same source: charm itself, the merciful one, and the everyday word for "free of charge", what is given graciously. Every word here is verified against pealim, niqqud included.

The verb across the binyanim (voices)

The same root runs through the verb system. Each binyan is a voice: it bends the one idea into active, passive, causative or reciprocal. Tap to hear.

Pa'al
לָחֹןlachon
simple active, the plain action
to pardon, to grant amnesty; to endow
Pu'al
מְחֻנָּןmechunan
passive of the pi'el
to be gifted, endowed (with a talent)

The pa'al לָחֹן is geminate and contracts to one syllable, the verb a president uses to pardon someone. Its pu'al passive survives mainly as the participle מְחֻנָּן, "gifted": one who has been endowed with grace, i.e. talent. The other binyanim are not lexicalized here.

Words born from the root

Same root letters, different noun moulds (mishkalim). The mould tells you the function: who does it, the act of doing it, or the thing produced.

① The quality: charm itself

חֵן
chen
charm, grace, attractiveness

② The person: who shows grace

חַנּוּן
chanun
merciful, compassionate (biblical epithet of God)
קַטּוּל

③ Given for nothing: grace as a free gift

חִנָּם
chinam
free, gratis, for nothing (adverb)
חִנָּמִי
chinami
free, free of charge (adjective)
קְטָלִי

Decode it yourself

Strip the prefixes, suffixes and vowels. Three consonants remain, and the meaning lives there.